Duwatsu na Tsakiyar Asiya - Nau'i

Yawancin bambancin halittu da yanayin halittu a cikin wannan yanki ana samun su ne a yankunan tsaunuka masu nisa, waɗanda tsaunukansu ke samar da iyakokin ƙasashen duniya da yawa a faɗin Asiya ta Tsakiya.

Shuke-shuke

Duwatsun Tsakiyar Asiya Wurin da ake samun nau'ikan tsirrai masu bambancin halittu suna ɗauke da nau'ikan tsire-tsire na jijiyoyin jini kusan 5,000-6,000, kusan kashi ɗaya cikin huɗu na su suna da alaƙa da juna. Tsire-tsiren sun haɗa da nau'ikan bishiyoyi, tsirrai masu fure da ciyawa. Fiye da nau'ikan tulip guda 20 da ke fuskantar barazanar zama a yankin, waɗanda da yawa daga cikinsu suna fuskantar matsin lamba daga asarar muhalli da tarin su.

Dabbobi masu shayarwa

An sami aƙalla nau'ikan dabbobi masu shayarwa guda 10 a cikin nau'ikan dabbobi masu shayarwa kusan 140 da aka rubuta a cikin wannan yanayi mai zafi. Waɗannan sun haɗa da marmot ɗin Menzbier mai rauni (Vulnerable Menzbier's marmot).Marmota menzbiri), wanda aka takaita ga yammacin Tien Shan, da kuma Ili pika mai rauni (Ochotona iliensis), wanda aka samo shi kawai a cikin yankin Tien Shan na kasar Sin.

Wurin yana tallafawa tarin nau'ikan tuddai daban-daban, gami da nau'ikan tumakin argali da yawa waɗanda suka bambanta a yankuna daban-daban (Ovis ammon), daga cikinsu akwai tumakin Marco Polo (O. a. zabe), a tarihi yana fuskantar matsin lamba mai tsanani na farauta.

Saboda matsayinsu na tsakiya a Asiya, tsaunukan Asiya ta Tsakiya suna taka muhimmiyar rawa wajen haɗa rarrabawar nau'ikan tsaunuka. Mafi shaharar nau'in wannan namun daji shine damisar dusar ƙanƙara (Panthera ku), wanda ke mamaye wuraren tsaunuka masu tsayi da kuma tsaunuka masu tsayi a yawancin wuraren da ake yawan samun ruwan sama.

Barewa saiga (Saiga tatari), wanda aka lissafa a matsayin Masu Fuskantar Barazana a Duniya, galibi suna faruwa ne a wajen yankin da ke fama da bala'in a yankunan da ke kusa da Kazakhstan. Duk da cewa yawan mutanen saiga ya ragu a ƙarshen ƙarni na 20 saboda farauta da asarar muhalli, an samu gagarumin farfadowa bayan 2002, sannan kuma wani babban lamari ya faru sakamakon mutuwar mutane sakamakon pasteurellosis a shekarar 2015.

tsuntsaye

Yawancin nau'ikan tsuntsaye a cikin wannan wurin suna yin ƙaura na yanayi na latitudinal ko altitudinal, yawanci suna ƙaura zuwa ƙananan filayen a lokacin hunturu. Da yawa suna cikin nau'ikan halittar tsarin tsaunukan Asiya masu tsayi, gami da redstarts (Phoenicurus), masu ƙara haske (prunellada rosefinches (Carpodacus).

Tuddai na Tsakiyar Asiya muhimmin sansanin tsuntsaye ne masu farauta, suna tallafawa manyan nau'ikan kiwo kamar gaggafa mai haɗarin shiga cikin hatsari (Endangered steppe gaggafa)Aquila nipalensisungulu mai gemu (Gypaetes barbatusEurasian griffon (Gyps fulvus), da kuma shaho mai hatsari (Falco cherrug).

dabbobi masu rarrafe

Fiye da nau'ikan dabbobi masu rarrafe 60 ne ke rayuwa a yankin da ke da zafi, ciki har da kusan nau'ikan halittu 10 da ke da yanayi na musamman. Bambancin halittu masu rarrafe ya fi yawa a ƙananan tsaunuka a cikin hamada da kuma wuraren da ke da yanayin hamada. Shahararrun nau'ikan halittu masu rarrafe sun haɗa da nau'ikan agamas masu kai da yawa (Paralaudakia spp.), musamman a kwarin Ferghana da yammacin Tien Shan.

Ambiyawa

Bambance-bambancen halittu masu rai a cikin yanayin zafi yana da ƙasa, tare da nau'ikan halittu 8-10 da aka rubuta. Nau'i biyu sune namun daji na yankuna: salamander Semirechensk mai haɗari (Endangered Semirechensk salamander)Ranodon sibiricus), ana samunsa a Jungar-Alatau na Kazakhstan da China, da kuma kwaɗon Asiya (Rana asiatica), yana faruwa a tsaunukan Kazakhstan, Kyrgyzstan da China.

Kifayen ruwan ruwa

Wannan busasshiyar wuri mai cike da kifaye masu ruwa-ruwa yana ɗauke da kimanin nau'ikan kifaye 30-60, waɗanda 5-10 daga cikinsu suna da yawa. Endemism ya ta'allaka ne a tafkin Issyk-Kul da kuma kwarin Kogin Talas, waɗanda aka ware su ta hanyar ruwa daga sauran tsarin magudanar ruwa. Bugu da ƙari, kifin kogon makafi mai rauni (Vulnerable Koytendag)Troglocobitis starostini) an takaita shi ga tsarin kogo a cikin tsaunukan Koytendag na Turkmenistan.

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Karanta ƙarin bayani game da nau'in hotspot a babi na 5 na labarinmu bayanin martabar muhalli, kuma ana samunsa a cikin Rasha.